Geography


    Πηγή: This image is credited to Dinamik. Reshared via the licenseCC BY-SA 3.0

    Area: 9,251 sq km
    Coastline: 648 km
    Terrain: Central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered, but significant plains along the southern coast
    Highest point: Mount Olympus 1,951 m
    Climate: Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
    Geographical population distribution: population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca
    Natural resources: copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment

    Demographics

    Population: 900,000 (2020)

    Annual population growth: 0.7% (2020)

    Population distribution by age group (2020)
    0-14 – 17%
    15-64 – 69%

    65+ – 14%

    Fertility rate (births per woman): 1.3 (2019)

    Birth rate (births per 1000 people): 10 (2019)

    Death rate (deaths per 1000 people): 7 (2019)

    Median age: 37.9 years (2021)

    Life expectancy (at birth): 81 years (2019)
    Males – 79 years

    Females – 83 years

    Net migration: 8,797 (2019)

    Language: Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6% (2011)

    Religious groups: Orthodox Christian 89.1%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Protestant/Anglican 2%, Muslim 1.8%, Buddhist 1%, other (includes Maronite, Armenian Church, Hindu) 1.4%, unknown 1.1%, none/atheist 0.6% (2011)

    Ethnic groups: Greek 98.8%, Armenian 0.3%, Maronite 0.5%, Turkish-Cypriot 0.2%, Latin 0.03%, unspecified 0.17% (2011)



    Note: It should be highlighted that the figures above refer to the population in the areas under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus. While Turkish Cypriots initially amounted to 18% of the total population of Cyprus, at present there are no confirmed figures regarding the exact population of Turkish Cypriots currently residing in the areas occupied by Turkey.

    Economy

    GDP: $24.61 bil (2020)

    GDP per capita: $26,623.8 (2020)

    GDP annual growth rate: -5.2% (2020)

    Public debt (% GDP): 119.1% (2020)

    Inflation (CPI): -0.6% (2020)

    Unemployment: 7.2% (2020)

    Imports: $9.2 bil (2019)
    5 largest import partners (% total imports - 2019): Greece 20.22%, Italy 10.18%, United Kingdom 7.04%, Israel 6.02%, Germany 5.98%

    Exports: $3.5 bil (2019)
    5 largest export partners (% total exports - 2019): Netherlands 12.93%, Bunkers 10.65%, Libya 10.03%, Greece 7.3%, United Kingdom 5.96%

    Global Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum)
    66.4/100 (2019 – position 44/141)

    Index of Economic Freedom (Heritage Foundation)
    71.4/100 (2021 – position 33/180)

    Income Inequality Index (Gini – World Bank)
    31.2% (2019)

    Prosperity Index (Legatum Institute)
    70.8/100 (2021 – position 34/167)

    Military Power

    Active Personnel: 15,000 (2021)

    Defence expenditure (% GDP): 1.8% (2020)

    Politics and Government

    Form of government: Presidential republic

    President: Nicos Anastasiades (elected 2013, re-elected 2018)
    Next elections: Presidential elections will be held in 2023

    Executive branch: The President is the head of government and head of state. He is elected for a 5-year term and can serve up to two consecutive terms. The Council of Ministers is appointed by the president.

    Legislative branch: Unicameral House of Representatives consists of 56 seats. The members serve 5-year terms.

    Most recent House of Representatives elections: 30 May 2021 (next to be held in 2026)

    Seats by party/coalition (seats after 2021 elections): DISY 17, AKEL 15, DIKO 9, EDEK-SP 4, DIPA 4, ELAM 3, Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Cooperation 3, Independent 1

    Party/coalitions vote distribution (2021 elections): DISY 27.8%, AKEL 22.3%, DIKO 11.3%, ELAM 6.8%, EDEK-SP 6.7%, DIPA 6.1%, Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Cooperation 4.4%, others 14.6%;

    Rule of Law - Human Rights

    Corruption Perceptions Index (Transparency International)
    53/100 (2021 - position 53/180)

    Rule of Law Index (World Justice Project)
    0.68/1 (2021 - position 28/128)

    Global Terrorism Index (Institute for Economics & Peace)
    0.922/10 (2022 – position 82/163)

    Fragile States Index (Fund For Peace)
    57.4/120 (2021 – position 121/179)

    Democracy Index (Economist Intelligence Unit)
    7.43/10 (2021 – position 37/167)

    Press Freedom Index (Reporters Without Borders)
    19.85/100 (2021 – position 26/180)

    Freedom in the World Index (Freedom House)
    19.85/100 (2021-positon 26/180)
    *The above figures refer to the territory under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus, which is the only recognised state in Cyprus, a member of the United Nations and the European Union. The figures come from the official database of the Republic of Cyprus Statistical Service. It is noted that after the illegal Turkish invasion of 1974, 36.4% of the territory of the Republic of Cyprus remains under Turkish occupation. Since 1983, the self-proclaimed "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" is not recognised by any other state, apart from Turkey.